### Biography of Ayub Khan
#### 1. Early Life
Mohammad Ayub Khan, born on May 14, 1907, in the village of Rehana, near Haripur in the Hazara District of the North-West Frontier Province of British India (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan), was the first of several children in his family. His father, Mir Dad Khan, was a Risaldar-Major in the British Indian Army, which provided Ayub with a military environment from an early age. Ayub received his initial education at a local school in his village and later attended Aligarh Muslim University and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in the United Kingdom. His training at Sandhurst equipped him with the skills and discipline that would define his military and political careers.
#### 2. Career
Ayub Khan's military career began when he was commissioned into the British Indian Army in 1928. During World War II, he served as a staff officer in Burma, distinguishing himself and rising through the ranks. After the partition of India in 1947, he chose to join the Pakistan Army, where he quickly ascended to key positions due to his leadership and experience.
In 1951, Ayub became the first Pakistani to take charge as the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army. His rise to power culminated when he declared martial law and took over as the President of Pakistan in 1958, following a bloodless coup. His tenure as president lasted until 1969, marked by efforts to modernize Pakistan’s economy and infrastructure under his regime's policies, known as the “Decade of Development.”
#### 3. Notable Achievements
Ayub Khan's rule saw several significant achievements. He introduced economic reforms that led to substantial industrial growth and laid the foundation for Pakistan's steel, gas, and electricity industries. The construction of the Mangla and Tarbela Dams were monumental projects that addressed the irrigation issues and energy needs of the country.
In 1961, Ayub Khan implemented a new constitution which introduced a presidential system with indirect elections. He also promoted international alliances, notably aligning Pakistan more closely with the United States during the Cold War, which brought military and economic aid to Pakistan.
#### 4. Personal Life
Ayub Khan married Begum Nasim Aurangzeb, and the couple had five sons and one daughter. His family life was relatively private, and he was known to be a strict but loving father. His son Gohar Ayub Khan later pursued a political career and held various governmental roles, including that of Foreign Minister.
Ayub Khan passed away on April 19, 1974, in Islamabad, Pakistan. Despite the controversies surrounding his rule, particularly towards the end, he remained a prominent and influential figure in the history of Pakistan.
#### Related People
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Mir-Dad-Khan: Ayub Khan’s father, whose military background influenced Ayub’s early exposure to the military.
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Gohar-Ayub-Khan: Ayub Khan's son, who followed in his footsteps in terms of a political career.
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Nasim-Aurangzeb: Ayub Khan’s wife, who supported him throughout his military and political life.
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Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto: A political antagonist and successor, who became a prime minister after Ayub Khan’s era.
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Dwight-D-Eisenhower: The U.S. President during much of Ayub Khan’s rule, under whom U.S.-Pakistan relations were strengthened.
Ayub Khan's life story is a testament to the complexities of military and political leadership in a rapidly changing post-colonial South Asia, highlighting both the potentials and pitfalls of governance in such contexts.