# Biography of David Unaipon
David Unaipon (1872-1967) was a prominent Aboriginal Australian of the Ngarrindjeri people, celebrated for his contributions as an inventor, writer, and preacher. His life and works have left a lasting legacy in Australian history, bridging gaps between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians.
## 1. Early Life
David Unaipon was born on September 28, 1872, on the Point McLeay Mission in the Coorong region of South Australia. He was the fourth of nine children born to James Ngunaitponi and Nymbulda, who were traditional weavers and evangelists. From an early age, David demonstrated a keen intellect and an insatiable curiosity about the world around him. He attended the Point McLeay Mission School where he excelled in his studies, particularly in reading and writing.
## 2. Career
Unaipon left school at the age of 13 to work as a servant in Adelaide, but he continued to educate himself, reading extensively and developing a range of interests, including science, music, and literature. His early career was marked by his work as a preacher and a proponent of Christian teachings among Aboriginal communities, following in his father's footsteps.
However, Unaipon is best remembered for his contributions to scientific research and inventions. Inspired by the work of inventors like James Watt and George Stephenson, Unaipon sought to improve mechanical devices. His most notable patented invention, a modified handpiece for shearing sheep, was granted in 1909. He also conducted studies in the fields of ballistics, polarized light, and mechanical propulsion.
Throughout his life, Unaipon was committed to improving the understanding between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians. He wrote extensively, contributing articles to newspapers and magazines, where he attempted to debunk myths and stereotypes about Aboriginal Australians and promoted their rich cultural heritage.
## 3. Notable Achievements
David Unaipon's contributions to Australian society were numerous:
- **Invention**: His shearers' handpiece and numerous mechanical patents marked significant advancements in agricultural tools.
- **Literature and Advocacy**: He was the first Aboriginal author to publish in English, writing a collection of Aboriginal stories and a comprehensive range of articles on Aboriginal mythology, philosophy, and religion.
- **Representation**: Unaipon was featured on the Australian $50 note in 1995, becoming the first Aboriginal person to be honored in this way.
- **Cultural Bridge-Building**: His lifelong efforts to bridge the cultural divide between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians earned him widespread respect and recognition.
## 4. Personal Life
David Unaipon never married and devoted his life to his work and his community. He lived a modest life and was known for his gentle and unassuming nature. Despite facing racial discrimination and financial hardships, Unaipon remained a tireless advocate for education and the rights of Indigenous Australians until his death on February 7, 1967, in Tailem Bend, South Australia.
David Unaipon's legacy is celebrated for his contributions to science, literature, and the better understanding of Aboriginal culture. His life's work continues to inspire and influence both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians alike.
### Related People
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James-Ngunaitponi**: David's father, a preacher and cultural leader.
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Nymbulda**: David's mother, a traditional weaver.
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William-Ramsay-Smith**: An anthropologist who encouraged Unaipon's writing and research.
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James-Watt**: The inventor of the steam engine, who inspired Unaipon's interests in mechanics.
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George-Stephenson**: Known for his work on early railways and steam locomotives, another source of inspiration for Unaipon’s inventions.
David Unaipon remains a symbol of perseverance and intelligence, breaking cultural barriers and advancing the recognition of Aboriginal contributions to Australian society. His story is a testament to the power of education and the importance of cultural understanding and respect.