### Thomas Watson Biography
#### 1. Early Life
Thomas John Watson Sr. was born on February 17, 1874, in Campbell, New York. He was the only son among six children in a modest family. His father, Thomas Watson, was a lumberman and sometimes taught school, while his mother, Jane Fulton White Watson, was known for her strong moral influence on him. Watson attended the district schools and Addision Academy in Addison, New York. Despite his modest upbringing, Watson was imbued with a strong work ethic and a desire to succeed from a young age.
#### 2. Career
Watson's early career was marked by a variety of jobs, starting from teaching at age 18 to taking a position at a local bank. However, his professional life took a significant turn when he began working for the National Cash Register Company (NCR) in 1896. Under the mentorship of
John-Patterson, the founder of NCR, Watson learned essential business skills and the importance of salesmanship.
He left NCR under contentious circumstances and joined the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) in 1914, which was later renamed International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924. Watson's leadership and vision were pivotal in transforming IBM into a leading tech company. He served as CEO and later Chairman until 1956, fostering innovations in computer technology and business management.
#### 3. Notable Achievements
Under Watson's leadership, IBM made significant strides in the field of computing. One of his first major impacts was the introduction of the Hollerith Punch Card, which revolutionized data processing. Watson also emphasized the importance of corporate culture, encapsulated in his famous motto, "THINK," which became synonymous with IBM.
Watson was also instrumental in expanding IBM's reach globally, establishing operations in over 70 countries. During World War II, he played a crucial role in providing the U.S. government with technology essential for the war effort, which significantly boosted IBM's growth and reputation.
His contributions were recognized numerous times, including being awarded the Medal for Merit in 1946, which was the highest civilian honor in the United States at the time. Watson was also appointed as an ambassador to the 1939 New York World's Fair, showcasing his influence and reputation beyond the business world.
#### 4. Personal Life
Thomas Watson was married to Jeanette Kittredge Watson in 1913. They had four children: Helen, Jane, Thomas Jr., and Arthur. Watson's personal life reflected his business practices, emphasizing discipline, integrity, and commitment. His son,
Thomas-Watson-Jr., followed in his footsteps to lead IBM after him, continuing his legacy.
Watson was known for his philanthropic efforts, significantly contributing to various educational and cultural institutions. He maintained a lifelong connection with his alma mater, eventually being honored with several buildings named after him.
Thomas Watson Sr. passed away on June 19, 1956, in New York City. His legacy lives on through IBM's continued innovation and leadership in the tech industry, as well as through the Watson family's ongoing philanthropic efforts.
### Related People
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John-Patterson - Mentor and former employer at NCR.
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Charles-Flint - Founder of CTR, the company that later became IBM.
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Thomas-Watson-Jr - Son and successor as IBM's president.
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Jeanette-Kittredge - Wife and mother of his children.
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Helen-Watson - Daughter, involved in various philanthropic activities.