Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is a major Hindu festival celebrated with immense fervor and joy across India and by Indian communities worldwide. The name 'Diwali' derives from the Sanskrit term 'Deepavali', which means "a row of lights". This festival symbolizes the victory of light over darkness, knowledge over ignorance, and good over evil. It usually falls in the months of October or November, depending on the cycle of the moon. Diwali is celebrated over five days, with each day having its own significance and set of rituals, starting with Dhanteras and culminating in Bhai Dooj.
The legend associated with Diwali varies regionally within India. One of the most popular stories is about Lord_Rama, his wife Sita, and brother Lakshmana returning to their kingdom of Ayodhya after 14 years in exile and defeating the demon king Ravana. The people of Ayodhya lit thousands of oil lamps to celebrate their return and the victory of good over evil, which is mirrored in contemporary celebrations with the lighting of clay lamps, called 'diyas', and elaborate firework displays. Another story relates to the goddess Lakshmi, who is worshipped for wealth and prosperity. It is believed that on Diwali, she visits her devotees and bestows blessings upon them.
Diwali is also a time for cleaning and decorating homes, symbolizing the removal of spiritual darkness and the welcoming of divine energies. People adorn their homes with Rangoli, intricate patterns made on floors using colored powders, rice, or flowers. The festive days involve wearing new clothes, preparing festive meals, exchanging gifts, and indulging in sweets and savories. Special prayers, known as Lakshmi_Puja, are conducted to honor Goddess Lakshmi. Additionally, in some regions, the fourth day of Diwali is celebrated as Govardhan Puja, commemorating Lord_Krishna's defeat of Indra, the god of rain and storm.
Diwali's significance extends beyond religious practices, serving as a cultural bridge that brings together people from various backgrounds. It is a public holiday in several countries, reflecting its importance in the global cultural calendar. The festival promotes unity, spreads joy, and fosters an atmosphere of goodwill and hope. Businesses typically close their accounts and start new ledgers during Diwali, marking it as a New_Financial_Year in the traditional business communities. As such, Diwali is not only a time of celebration but also a time for new beginnings, making resolutions, and nurturing hopes for prosperity and happiness in the days to come.