Samadhi is a profound state of meditative consciousness in the yogic and Buddhist traditions, representing the ultimate stage of meditation where individual consciousness merges with the universal. It is considered the pinnacle of the eight limbs of yoga as outlined by Patanjali in the Yoga Sutras, where it is defined as a state of intense concentration achieved through meditation. Samadhi is not merely a deep relaxation or trance but is characterized by a profound stillness and unity with the object of meditation, leading to an experience of bliss and self-realization. This state transcends the usual mental boundaries between the self and the object of concentration, dissolving duality and manifesting a sense of oneness with all existence.
In the pursuit of Samadhi, various practices and disciplines are employed, focusing primarily on detachment from sensory distractions and mental fluctuations. Practitioners often follow rigorous ethical standards and engage in sustained meditation practices to deepen their concentration and purify the mind. The journey to Samadhi is highly personal and can be influenced by many factors, including the individual's spiritual maturity, dedication, and the nature of their meditation object. Achieving Samadhi is often described as reaching a state of ecstasy or divine union, where the mind is free from all disturbances and the individual's consciousness is expanded beyond the self.
There are different types of Samadhi according to the yogic texts. In the classical text by Patanjali, two major types are described: Savikalpa Samadhi and Nirvikalpa Samadhi. Savikalpa Samadhi is a state where one's consciousness temporarily merges with the divine or the ultimate reality, but there is still a subtle awareness of duality. This form of Samadhi serves as a precursor to Nirvikalpa Samadhi, which is the state of complete absorption without any mental modifications or distinctions between the meditator and the subject of meditation. In this latter state, the sense of individual identity completely dissolves, and one experiences eternal peace and divine bliss.
Achieving Samadhi has profound implications not only for the individual's spiritual growth but also for their everyday life. Practitioners who reach or experience states of Samadhi often report transformations in their understanding of life and existence, leading to greater emotional balance, mental clarity, and compassion towards others. Although traditionally associated with asceticism and monastic life, the principles and practices leading to Samadhi are increasingly integrated into the lives of ordinary people seeking spiritual depth and personal transformation. The practice and experience of Samadhi highlight the potential for human consciousness to explore realms beyond the ordinary experiences of space and time, offering insights into the nature of reality and our place within it.