Sanatana Dharma, often known simply as Dharma, is a foundational concept in Indian philosophy and spirituality, representing an eternal and inherent set of laws governing the universe, ethics, and human conduct. This term, deeply embedded in the Vedic tradition, translates to the "eternal order" or "eternal path," suggesting a code of living that transcends time and human invention. Rooted in the scriptures of Hinduism, including the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Bhagavad Gita, Sanatana Dharma lays out the universal truths applicable to all individuals, irrespective of their personal beliefs or societal affiliations. It emphasizes righteousness and the moral law of the cosmos that aligns human life with the cosmic principles.
The principles of Sanatana Dharma are broad and encompass various aspects of ethical living, spiritual liberation (moksha), and the duties or responsibilities (dharma) of an individual toward themselves and society. It is not merely a religion in the conventional sense but a way of life that guides adherents in their daily actions and spiritual practices. Core to its belief system is the pursuit of truth, non-violence (Ahimsa), purity, compassion, forbearance, and the wellbeing of all creatures. These values are meant to help individuals live in harmony with the natural order of the universe, promoting peace, justice, and spiritual growth.
In Sanatana Dharma, the concept of karma plays a critical role. Karma refers to the idea that every action has consequences that will manifest either in this life or in future reincarnations. This principle teaches that one's current circumstances are the result of past actions and that future events are shaped by one's present actions. Thus, adhering to dharma is believed to produce good karma and lead to a favorable rebirth, moving the soul closer to moksha, the liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth (Samsara). This cyclical concept of time and existence is fundamental to understanding the motivations behind ethical behavior and spiritual practices in this tradition.
Moreover, the inclusive nature of Sanatana Dharma allows for a wide variety of beliefs and practices, reflecting the diverse philosophical schools and cultural traditions within Hinduism. It does not enforce a strict dogma but instead provides a framework within which ethical and spiritual diversities can coexist. This pluralistic aspect is crucial as it fosters a sense of universal brotherhood and tolerance among its followers. The teachings of Sanatana Dharma continue to influence millions of people around the world, contributing to discussions on morality, spirituality, and the interconnectedness of life. Through its ancient wisdom, it offers insights into leading a balanced, ethical, and purposeful life in alignment with the cosmic order (Prakriti).